Ομάδες

Παραδείγματα

Ασύμβατες Χημικές Ομάδες

Α. Ασυμβατότητα με

Β

Ομάδα 1

Inorganic Acids

Hydrochloric acid

Hydrofluoric acid

Hydrogen chloride

Hydrogen fluoride

Nitric acid

Sulfuric acid

Phosphoric acid

2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,13,

14,16,17,18,19,21,22,23

Ομάδα 2

Organic acids

Acetic acid

Butyric acid

Formic acid

Propionic acid

1,3,4,7,14,16,17,18,

19,22

Ομάδα 3

Caustics

Sodium hydroxide

Ammonium hydroxide solution

1,2,6,7,8,13,14,15,

16,17,18,20,23

Ομάδα 4

Amines and Alkanolamines

Aminoethylethanolamine

Aniline

Diethanolamine

Diethylamine

Dimethylamine

Ethylenediamine

2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine

Monoethanolamine

Pyridine

Triethanolamine

Triethylamine

Triethylenetetramine

1,2,5,7,8,13,14,15,

16,17,18,23

Ομάδα 5

Halogenated Compounds

Allyl chloride

Carbon tetrachloride

Chlorobenzene

Chloroform

Methylene chloride

Monochlorodifluoromethane

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

1,1,1-Trichloroethane

Trichloroethylene

Trichlorofluoromethane

1,3,4,11,14,17

Ομάδα 6

Alcohols

Glycols

Glycol Ether

1,4-Butanediol

Butanol (iso, n, sec, tert)

Diethylene glycol

Ethyl alcohol

Ethyl butanol

Ethylene glycol

Furfuryl alcohol

Isoamyl alcohol

Methyl alcohol

Methylamyl alcohol

Propylene glycol

1,7,14,16,20,23

Ομάδα 7

Aldehydes Acetaldehyde

Acrolein

Butyraldehyde

Crotonaldehyde

Formaldehyde

Furfural

Paraformaldehyde

Propionaldehyde

1,2,3,4,6,8,15,16,

17,19,20,23

Ομάδα 8

Ketones

Acetone

Acetophenone

Diisobutyl ketone

Methyl ethyl ketone

1,3,4,7,19,20

Ομάδα 9

Saturated Hydrocarbons

Butane

Cyclohexane

Ethane

Heptane

Paraffins

Paraffin wax

Pentane

Petroleum ether

20

Ομάδα 10

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Benzene

Cumene

Ethyl benzene

Naphtha

Naphthalene

Toluene

Xylene

1,20

Ομάδα 11

Olefins

Butylene

1-Decene

1-Dodecene

Ethylene

Turpentine

1,5,20

Ομάδα 12

Petroleum Oils

Gasoline

Mineral Oil

20

Ομάδα 13

Esters

Amyl acetate

Butyl acetates

Castor oil

Dimethyl sulfate

Ethyl acetate

1,3,4,19,20

Ομάδα 14

Monomers Polymerizable Esters

Acrylic acid

Acrylonitrile

Butadiene

Acrylates

1,2,3,4,5,6,15,16,

19,20,21,23

Ομάδα 15

Phenols

Carbolic acid

Cresote

Cresols Phenol

3,4,7,14,16,19,20

Ομάδα 16

Alkylene Oxides

Ethylene oxide

Propylene oxide

1,2,3,4,6,7,14,15,

17,18,19,23

Ομάδα 17

Cyanohydrins

Acetone cyanohydrin

Ethylene cyanohydrin

1,2,3,4,5,7,16,19,

23

Ομάδα 18

Nitriles

Acetonitrile

Adiponitrile

1,2,3,4,16,23

Ομάδα 19

Ammonia

Ammonium Hydroxide

Ammonium Gas

1,2,7,8,13,14,15,

16,17,20,23

Ομάδα 20

Halogens

Chlorine

Fluorine

3,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,

13,14,15,19,21,22

Ομάδα 21

Ethers

Diethyl Ether

THF

1,14,20

Ομάδα 22

Phosphorus

Phosphorus, Elemental

1,2,3,20

Ομάδα 23

Acid Anhydrides

Acetic anhydride

Propionic anhydride

1,3,4,6,7,14,16,17,

18,19

TABLE 2. INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS CHART

Chemical

Is Incompatible With

Acetic Acid

Chromic acid, nitric acid, hydroxyl compounds, ethylene glycol, perchloric acid, peroxides, permanganates

Acetic anhydride

Hydroxyl-containing compounds such as ethylene glycol, perchloric acid

Acetone

Concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid mixtures, hydrogen peroxide

Acetylene

Chlorine, bromine, copper, fluorine, silver, mercury

Alkali and alkaline earth metals, such as sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, powdered aluminum

Carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, other chlorinated hydrocarbons (also prohibit the use of water, foam, and dry chemical extinguishers on fires)

Ammonia (anhydrous)

Mercury (in manometers, for example), chlorine, calcium hypochlorite, iodine, bromine, hydrogen fluoride

Ammonium nitrate

Acids, metal powders, flammable liquids, chlorates, nitrites, sulfur, finely divided organics, combustible

Aniline

Nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide

Arsenates and arsenites

Any reducing agents

Azides

Acids, heavy metals and their salts, oxidizing agents

Bromine

Ammonia, acetylene, butadiene, butane, other petroleum gases, sodium carbide, turpentine, benzene, finely divided metals

Calcium oxide

Water

Carbon (activated)

Calcium hypochlorite, other oxidants

Carbon tetrachloride

Sodium

Chlorates

Ammonium salts, acids, metal powders, sulfur, finely divided organics, combustibles

Chlorine

Ammonia, acetylene, butadiene, butane, methane, propane (or other petroleum gases), hydrogen, sodium carbide, benzene, finely divided metals, turpentine

Chlorine dioxide

Ammonia, methane, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide

Chromic acid and chromium trioxide

Acetic acid, naphthalene, camphor, glycerol, turpentine, alcohol, other flammable liquids

Copper

Acetylene, hydrogen peroxide

Cumene hydroperoxide

Acids (organic or inorganic)

Cyanides

Acids

Flammable liquids

Ammonium nitrate, chromic acid, hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, sodium peroxide, halogens

Fluorine

Isolate from everything

Hydrides

Water

Hydrocarbons (benzene, butane, propane, gasoline, turpentine, etc.)

Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, chromic acid, peroxides

Hydrocyanic acid

Nitric acid, alkalis

Hydrofluoric acid (anhydrous); Hydrogen fluoride

Ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous)

Hydrogen peroxide

Copper, chromium, iron, most metals or their salts, any flammable liquid, combustible materials, aniline, nitromethane

Hydrogen sulfide

Fuming nitric acid, oxidizing gases

Hypochlorites

Acids, activated carbon

Iodine

Acetylene, ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous)

Mercury

Acetylene, fulminic acid (produced in nitric acid-ethanol mixtures), ammonia

Nitrates

Acids, reducing agents

Nitric acid (concentrated)

Acetic acid, acetone, alcohol, aniline, chromic acid, hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen sulfide, flammable liquids, flammable gases, nitratable substances

Nitrites

Acids, oxidizing agents

Nitroparaffins

Inorganic bases, amines

Oxalic acid

Silver, mercury, and their salts

Oxygen

Oils, grease, hydrogen, flammable materials (liquids, solids, or gases)

Perchloric acid

Acetic anhydride, bismuth and its alloys, alcohol, paper, wood, grease, oils (all organics)

Peroxides, organic

Acids (organic or mineral); avoid friction, store cold

Phosphorus (white)

Air, oxygen, alkalis, reducing agents

Phosphorus pentoxide

Alcohol, strong bases, water

Potassium

Carbon tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, water

Potassium chlorate (see also chlorates)

Acids

Potassium perchlorate (see also perchloric acid)

Acids

Potassium permanganate

Glycerol, ethylene glycol, benzaldehyde, sulfuric acid

Selenides

Reducing agents

Silver and silver salts

Acetylene, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, ammonium compounds, fulminic acid (produced in nitric acid-ethanol mixtures)

Sodium (see also alkali metals)

Carbon tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, water

Sodium nitrite

Ammonium nitrate and other ammonium salts

Sodium peroxide

Any oxidizable substance, such as ethanol, methanol, glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride, benzaldehyde, carbon disulfide, glycerol, ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, furfural

Sulfides

Acids

Sulfuric acid

Chlorates, perchlorates, permanganates

Tellurides

Reducing agents